# Data Center Cooling & Water Strategy

Compare liquid vs. air cooling, water sourcing risks, and thermal envelopes to reduce Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE), and thermal-driven outage risk for high-density AI racks.

## KPIs

### Energy Efficiency Index

Normalized inverse of Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE); higher values mean better energy efficiency.

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### Non‑IT Power Share

Fraction of total facility power used by cooling and other overhead (versus IT load).

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0–1 ratio

### Water Withdrawal Intensity Index

Normalized site makeup water per unit IT energy (WUE-aligned); lower is better.

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### Uptime Probability

Modeled probability of staying within thermal envelope and online for the period.

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0–1 ratio

### Cooling Capacity Headroom Index

Fractional margin between peak cooling capacity and peak IT heat load; 0 means no headroom.

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## Internal Factors

### AI Rack Density

Typical IT power per high-density rack (kW), used as a driver for liquid cooling and headroom.

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kW

### Liquid Cooling Adoption

Share of AI racks using direct-to-chip or immersion liquid cooling.

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0–1 ratio

### Recycled Water Share

Share of non-potable/reclaimed water in total cooling makeup water.

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0–1 ratio

### Watershed Stress Index

Baseline water scarcity at the site’s watershed; higher values indicate greater scarcity.

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### Extreme Humid Heat Index

Normalized intensity/frequency of high wet-bulb or heat-index conditions that erode economizer hours and chiller capacity.

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### Onsite Water Storage Days

Days of cooling operation supported by onsite storage at typical makeup rates.

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days

## Levers

### Liquid Cooling CAPEX

Capital expenditure to qualify direct-to-chip/immersion loops and CDUs for AI racks.

[12.4M\Obfuscated metric preview — request access to view exact values](/content/request-access?source=solution_variable_teaser&source_type=solution&solution_slug=data_center_cooling_and_water_strategy&solution_title=Data+Center+Cooling+%26+Water+Strategy&variable_name=Liquid+Cooling+CAPEX/index.html)

USD (millions)

### Recycled Water CAPEX

Capital expenditure for reclaimed-water interconnects, treatment, and controls.

[12.4M\Obfuscated metric preview — request access to view exact values](/content/request-access?source=solution_variable_teaser&source_type=solution&solution_slug=data_center_cooling_and_water_strategy&solution_title=Data+Center+Cooling+%26+Water+Strategy&variable_name=Recycled+Water+CAPEX/index.html)

USD (millions)

### Server Inlet Temp Setpoint Index

Policy index positioning the server inlet setpoint within the ASHRAE recommended envelope.

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